April
23, 2004
Graveyard of
Justifications
Glossary of
the Iraqi Occupation
By PAUL de ROOIJ
It is amazing to me that they [CentCom]
aren't more careful with their language. They are talking about
it in a language very much of early colonialism, or just in a
language of pure military ramboism.
Rahul Mahajan, FlashPoints.net, April 14, 2004, commenting on
CentCom's [US military command] use of the word "cleansing".
Any time there is war or an occupation
of another country, propagandists or their media surrogates require
language that mollifies, exculpates and hides the grim reality
or sordid deeds. In an attempt to gain a deeper understanding
of what is really happening in Iraq, this glossary elucidates
the terminology commonly used in the media. Its aim is to enable
us to peer through the linguistic fog.
There is a fundamental problem
with such a glossary. The propagandists will coin terms to exculpate
or palliate aspects of the occupier's activities, and aspects
of the occupation whose mention cannot be avoided. However, propagandists
loathe referring to the uncomfortable and repugnant aspects of
the occupation or war. For example, it is very clear that the
US military will not publicize lists of Iraqi civilian deaths
(NB: they compile some lists, but these aren't made public [1]).
Iraqi hospital officials are "discouraged" from compiling
lists of civilian casualties and granting journalists access
to morgues. The list of "forbidden" compliant media
topics is rather long, but a subset is presented below.
Finally, the justifications
for the war against Iraq, and the subsequent occupation, have
changed over time, and the third list below documents the justifications
proffered by the American occupiers to date. This growing list
is the graveyard of justifications.
The Glossary
Abused terminology |
Translation |
Al-Qa'ida |
Bogeyman Rex.
There was no link between Al-Qa'ida
and pre-2003 Iraq, and even now, the US can't point to evidence
of an Iraqi connection.
|
Ambassador |
Proconsul.
It is rather odd to call Paul
Bremer an ambassador; the man even wears army boots!
|
Anti-Iraq forces |
Catchall Opposition -- (and clear example of doublespeak).
"Soon after the Occupation,
the United States and its allies--military and ideological--referred
to the Iraqi resistance as 'foreign elements' 'terrorists' or
'former loyalists of the Saddam regime'. This phraseology has
now become redundant and US military spokesman are now referring
to the guerrillas as 'anti-Iraqi forces' as if to suggest that
the US, British, [...] and Polish troops represent Iraq but the
Iraqis who resist the occupation are anti-Iraqi."
--Tariq Ali, "The Iraqi Resistance: a New Phase", CounterPunch,
April 10, 2004.
Referring to many groups conveys
the impression that a significant segment of the population is
ganging up against the US, and this is counter to the propaganda
claim that the opposition is a "small minority". Furthermore,
Americans, including Bush, are notorious for not knowing who
is who in a country. So, forget the details, and go for a catchall
group!
|
Avenge |
Kill 100X of theirs for
each one of ours.
"Iraqi history is already
being written. In revenge for the brutal killing of four American
mercenaries -- for that is what they were -- US Marines carried
out a massacre of hundreds of women and children and guerillas
in the Sunni Muslim city of Fallujah. The US military says that
the vast majority of the dead were militants. Untrue, say the
doctors. But the hundreds of dead, many of whom were indeed civilians,
were a shameful reflection on the rabble of American soldiery
who conducted these undisciplined attacks on Fallujah."
--Robert Fisk, "By endorsing Ariel Sharon's plan George
Bush has legitimised terrorism", The Independent, April
16, 2004.
NB: the principle of avenging
the occupier's losses by collective punishment is a war crime.
In Lidice during World War II, Germans killed at least 172 civilians
to "avenge" some of their own, and this was considered
a war crime. In Fallujah, the killing of four mercenaries has
resulted in "hundreds" of Iraqi civilians killed. Ariel
Sharon would approve.
|
Baathist loyalists |
Another convenient
bogey group.
If the US rejects "Islamic"
groups, "Baathists", -- who is left? NB: "Baathists"
could be either the nationalists who the CIA helped assassinate
in the 1960s or the ones who joined the thugs who killed the
former group. The persecuted Baathists (those who opposed Saddam)
may have a legitimate grudge against the US, the others were
the US's SOBs.
"Evidently, the CIA
helped bring Saddam Hussein's thuggish party to power and fatally
weakened the prospects for Iraqi democracy. Some reliable sources
believe that more than ten thousand were killed and more than
a hundred thousand arrested in the coup and the bloody weeks
that followed, described by historians Peter and Marion Sluglett
[...] as 'some of the most terrible violence hitherto experienced
in the postwar Middle East'."
--Hanna Batatu, "CIA Lists Provide Basis for Iraqi Bloodbath",
1978.
|
Barrel of the gun |
Whose guns?
"Last week, in
the middle of the growing chaos in Iraqi cities, Bremer savagely
denounced groups 'who think power in Iraq should come out of
the barrel of a gun'. He was not apparently referring to the
US and British armed forces who seized power in Iraq (and put
him into his powerful post) entirely and exclusively by sustained
use of the barrels of thousands of guns."
--Paul Foot, "The beam in Bremer's eye", The Guardian,
April 14, 2004.
|
Casualties |
American casualties of course.
Casualties used to refer to both dead and wounded. The Pentagon's
reporting of "casualties" only pertains to the
fatalities; the wounded don't count in its grisly accounting. |
Ceasefire |
War by other means.
"With the 'ceasefire,'
large-scale bombing was rare. With a halt in major bombing, the
Americans weren't attacking with heavy artillery but primarily
with snipers."
--Raul Mahajan, "Report
from Fallujah -- Destroying a Town in Order to Save it", April 12, 2004.
|
Civilian contractors |
Mercenaries.
There are more mercenaries in Iraq today than there are British
soldiers -- an estimated 40,000 "security
contractors". The
ads in back section of Soldier of Fortune, the trade magazine
for literate mercenaries, indicate boom times for the profession.
|
Cleanse |
Massacre.
"It is critical
that we cleanse the Iraqi body politic of the poison that remains
here after 35 years of Saddam Hussein's totalitarian rule."
--Dan Senor (assistant to the US proconsul), April 12, 2004.
Commenting on the US Marine attack against Fallujah and Najaf.
NB: Fallujah and Najaf were known for their opposition to
Hussein, hardly a "poison".
|
Coalition |
"token hangers-on" (John Pilger, Apr. 1,
2004)
"Coalition" only when it suits the
Americans. When it comes to reporting casualties, only those
of the US military are reported. When it comes to apportioning
juicy contracts, US companies get the lion's share. What do the
"coalition" members think about this? The British
are complaining that they aren't even consulted -- they dearly
would like to play second fiddle.
|
Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) |
American Occupation Authority.
"Coalition"? Only when it suits them.
Provisional? It is starting to look rather permanent.
|
Democracy |
One warlord, one vote.
Hand-picked satraps willing to sign off on the occupation
of Iraq, the plundering of its resources, and the construction
of several military bases.
It is rather odd that while the US calls on the Middle East
to "democratize", it was actively involved
in overthrowing the democratically elected gov't of Haiti. Here
the US armed, trained and funded an armed gang led by death squad
leaders to mount the coup. So much for respect for democracy;
in the American version even death squad leaders may apply.
|
Devastating intellect |
Ebullient accolades
"Bremer was described
in a special Financial Times profile last week as 'an
imposing figure with a devastating intellect'."
--Paul Foot, "The
beam in Bremer's eye",
Guardian, April 14, 2004.
It will be rather amusing to see what the FT will say when
Bremer is replaced. The countdown for the sacking of Bremer has
begun, and John Negroponte has already been slated as his likely
replacement. Negroponte's experience in running the contras against
Nicaragua, and his years as proconsul in Honduras give him impeccable
credentials. He is another "intellect
that devastates".
|
Elections |
Sometime in the future when Iraq is ready for democracy.
The Americans want "stability" first, and then, after
a sufficiently long trial period, there may be "elections".
Of course, the US remains the sole arbiter of whether or not
Iraq is "stable."
|
End of major combat operations |
May 1, 2003, the start of the occupation
of Iraq. |
Extremist |
Anyone opposing the American occupation. |
Eye-raq |
Iraq.
Even after several years obsessed with Iraq the president
and most of his entourage mispronounce the name of the country.
|
Flashpoints |
Cities where Iraqis have risen against occupation.
"Flashpoints" is the BBC's favorite
term when referring to the conflict in Iraq. When referring to
the Israeli occupied territories it uses "hotspots". Contrast this with the
BBC's language used a month ago when referring to the armed gang
mounting a coup against a democratically elected government in
Haiti. Here "towns
rose against Aristide's oppressive rule."
Never mind that death squad leaders and people accused of mass
crimes led the rebels in taking over cities, brutalizing the
population.
|
Foreigners |
Look who is talking!
" 'Meanwhile, a
U.S. Marine commander said not all the fighters in the Iraqi
city of Fallujah are Iraqis.' Lt. Gen James Conway, the Marine
commander in Fallujah, said there are some foreign fighters in
Fallujah -- and he indicates they may have been there for a while."
--BBC Online, April 7, 2004.
Someone should point out to the gentleman that he is a foreigner
too. And is it a justification to attack a city?
" 'Foreign fighters'
were now in the battle, according to the US Secretary of State
Donald Rumsfeld. The US media went along with this nonsense,
even though not a single al-Qa'ida operative has been arrested
in Iraq and of the 8,500 'security detainees' in American hands,
only 150 appear to be from outside Iraq. Just 2 per cent."
--Robert Fisk, "A
war that was founded on lies and illusions has one simple truth:
Iraqis do not want us",
The Independent, Apr. 9, 2004.
|
Gathering threats |
Creating threats.
"Mr Bush also said
that the lesson of those attacks had been that America had to
deal with 'gathering threats' before they came to fruition, a
policy that catalysed the US-led invasion of Iraq."
--BBC Online, April 14, 2004.
American policy is not so much about responding to "gathering threats", but rather one of "sowing and reaping the threats."
|
Handover of power |
Cosmetic rebranding of the occupation |
Hearts and Minds |
Mr. Niceguy only if there is stability.
"Winning hearts
and minds from behind the safe walls of Saddam's palaces, or
in an armoured vehicle, is impossible. Yet given the level of
risk, we may be now moving to a turning point in the conduct
of operations. If the insurgency provokes the coalition forces,
then the steady progress to a peaceful democracy in Iraq will
be halted. Without a clear, agreed political process, army commanders
will argue for priority to go to the safety of their own troops."
--Tim Garden, "Coalition
forces fight a losing battle to win the peace", The Guardian, April 6,
2004.
"To win hearts
and minds, America needs to turn on the lights, provide clean
water, give people jobs and impose law and order. But hardly
any of this has happened because Bush administration-connected
firms such as Halliburton and Bechtel have stolen the vast majority
of the money allocated for such tasks."
--Christian Parenti, "Autopsy
of a Failed Occupation",
AlterNet.org, April 14, 2004.
|
Improving |
Things are actually getting worse.
One of the justifications for the continued occupation is
to help Iraq emerge as a prosperous country. Unfortunately, things
are only getting worse. Almost a year of occupation and most
of the country doesn't have electricity, the health system has
almost collapsed and so on.
Of course, if one questions what is happening on the ground,
then one becomes a "naysayer".
|
Iraqi Governing Council (IGC) |
Satraps in waiting.
On April 10th, one IGC member complained that they had not
been consulted on the American onslaught against Fallujah and
Najaf. So much for "governing" or "council".
|
Kill or Capture |
Dead or alive.
Wild west terminology utilized by CentCom spokesmen when stating
their intentions in finding the cleric Moqtada Sadr. NB: Sadr's
father is highly revered in Iraq, and the family is renowned
for its opposition to Hussein. Of course, this ramboism is acceptable
due to the inherent anti-Islamic prejudice of the occupiers --
to them, the cleric is a mere "raghead".
|
Nation building (aka Peace building) |
Building neo-colonial institutions.
"What the imperialists
term 'nation-building' or 'peace-building' refers to the need
to construct and uphold a political and social regime in the
'post-war', or more accurately, post-military intervention scenario.
It entails a qualitatively more intensive modality of engagement
characterized by acute micro-management of the proxy government.
According to the Rand Corporation's best practices study, 'nation-building'
is not primarily about rebuilding a country's economy, but about
transforming its political institutions."
--Alejandro BendaƱa (Former Nicaraguan representative
to the UN), "Nicaragua's
And Latin America's 'Lessons' For Iraq",
FocusWeb.org, April 8, 2004.
"[The Office of
the Secretary of Defense] recently took unqualified possession
of the emerging American way of war, and began supplanting the
traditional grammar of war with a new one. However, this new
grammar-which focuses on achieving rapid military victories-was
equipped only to win battles, not wars. Hence, the successful
accomplishment of the administration's goal of building a democratic
government in Iraq, for example, is still in question, with an
insurgency growing rapidly."
--Lt. Col. Antulio J. Echevarria, "Toward
an American Way of War",
Strategic Studies Institute, March 2004.
Even the military find that although having won the battle
they may well lose the war. Obviously, some are questioning Rumsfeld's
"grammar".
|
Not Flinch |
The British version of "resolve".
"I will not flinch
from historic Iraq fight"
--Tony Blair, The Observer, April 11, 2004.
Nothing like suggesting that others have to continue fighting.
This was appropriately uttered when Blair was in Bermuda.
|
Pacification |
Counterinsurgency warfare.
"By its heavy hand,
and growing Iraqi recognition of its intention to dominate, the
United States has stoked an insurgency that has been growing
by leaps and bounds. The only Bush administration answer to this
development is the application of more force. When applied to
a revolt deeply rooted in the civilian population this means
counterinsurgency war, with lavish use of deadly weapons, and
therefore escalating civilian casualties. So, added on to an
initial war of aggression we are now descending into a war of
pacification. This will involve a further destruction of Iraq
in order to save it -- for Western ends and to save the Bush
election campaign."
--Edward Herman, "We
Had To Destroy [Fill in Country Name] In Order To Save It", Swans.com, April 12,
2004
|
Peacekeepers |
Occupation troops |
Radical cleric |
Convenient oxymoron. Someone who can
galvanize the resistance. |
Reconstruction |
Getting the oil to flow.
When a CentCom spokesman was recently (April) asked where
one could view a reconstruction project that directly benefited
the Iraqi population, he couldn't name one! Most of the reconstruction
projects are centered on the oil industry.
"One U.S. journalist
found that many reconstruction projects that had allegedly been
'rebuilt' had in reality barely been touched. One 'repaired'
school was overflowing with raw sewage. When I visited Ramadi
and Fallujah in January, people on both towns were angry about
chronic water and electricity shortages. Power plants, telephone
exchanges and sewage systems all remain looted and bombed out.
According to the NGO CorpWatch, only 10 percent of Halliburton's
initial $2.2 billion in contracts has been spent on meeting community
needs."
--Christian Parenti, "Autopsy
of a Failed Occupation",
AlterNet.org, April 14, 2004.
|
Resolve |
Pigheaded stubbornness.
A distinct unwillingness to recognize that errors have been
made, and that to withdraw conveys a sign of "weakness".
To withdraw while conveying a "sign
of strength", then
the US would have to follow Sharon's example in withdrawing from
Gaza. In the case of Gaza, this involved transforming it into
a giant prison camp, assassinating leaders, stopping the delivery
of emergency food.
|
Shia circle |
New CNN military analyst terminology.
Just like the "Sunni
triangle" [q.v.],
these terms convey the impression these areas are tiny and thus
no cause for concern. The people living there are "a small minority." There is never a need to mention
how many people live there.
|
Silent majority |
Pretense that most Iraqis support the occupation.
While the White House is doing its best to allay comparisons
with Vietnam, it chooses to resurrect one of Nixon's favorite
terms to justify the continuation of the Vietnam War. Nixon claimed
that the silent majority favored the war. Just as it was a bogus
argument then, it is a bogus argument now.
|
Slight uptick |
Military terminology for an insurrection.
"Things are getting
worse, much worse in Iraq. Yesterday's horrors proved that. Yet
just a day earlier, Brigadier General Mark Kimmitt, [...], assured
us that there was only an 'uptick' in violence in Iraq. Not a
sudden wave of violence, mark you, not a down-to-earth increase,
not even a 'spike' in violence -- another of the general's favourite
expressions. No, just a teeny-weeny, ever-so small, innocent
little 'uptick'. In fact, he said it was a 'slight uptick'."
-- Robert Fisk, "Things
are getting much worse. It's not just a 'spike' or an 'uptick'
in violence", The
Independent, April 1, 2004.
|
Small minority; aka extremists |
Majority opposed to occupation
"Among the more
laughable assertions of the Bush administration is that the mujaheddin
are a small group of isolated 'extremists' repudiated by the
majority of Fallujah's population. Nothing could be further from
the truth."
--Raul Mahajan, "Report
from Fallujah -- Destroying a Town in Order to Save it", April 12, 2004.
|
Sovereignty |
Neo-Colonization.
"Today the Free
Press is refusing to look beneath the claim of an intention to
grant 'sovereignty' and to transfer power to Iraqis on June 30th,
to see the ways in which a US military presence and veto power
and constraints on the Iraq constitution and law would give this
country continued domination."
--Edward Herman, "We
Had To Destroy [Fill in Country Name] In Order To Save It", Swans.com, April 12,
2004
|
Stability |
A quiet occupation.
When Iraqis submit and are silent about their lot, and when
the media stop reporting it, then Iraq may be deemed "stable".
"Stability" is also a justification
for continued occupation -- if the US forces leave, then anarchy
will break out, and "even
the Iraqis don't want that."
This overlooks the fact that most Iraqis already live without
security, electricity, clean water, proper jobs, press freedom--
To call this situation anarchic would give anarchy a bad connotation.
|
Success |
Causing an insurrection or a high body count.
"The chairman of
the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff [Gen. Myers] said Thursday that
the deadly insurgency that flared this month is 'a symptom of
the success that we're having here in Iraq' and an effort to
undermine the country's transition to self-government."
--Sewell Chan, "General
Calls Insurgency in Iraq a Sign of U.S. Success", Washington Post, April
16, 2004.
Echo from Vietnam: the General sharpened his teeth in Vietnam
where a high body count was considered a "success".
Echoes from Gaza:
" this operation
was a great success."
--Ariel Sharon, Oct 2002, commenting on the bombing of the Khan
Yunis refugee camp where a one-ton bomb dropped by a F16 killed
14 and wounded 80 Palestinians.
|
Sunni triangle |
CNN terminology for another small minority.
"And, as the attacks
against US forces increased around Fallujah and other Sunni Muslim
cities, we were told this area was the 'Sunni triangle', even
though it is much larger than that implies and has no triangular
shape."
--Robert Fisk, "A
war that was founded on lies and illusions has one simple truth:
Iraqis do not want us",
The Independent, Apr. 9, 2004.
The use of words like "triangle" has much to do with the
"military experts" who draw lines on maps
for the BBC or CNN. See Shia circle.
|
Terrorism |
The violence of the resistance.
When US generals and Rumsfeld complain about violence against
US troops, the label "terrorism" sounds increasingly hollow.
NB: violence against a fully armed occupation force is not
terrorism.
|
Thugs &
terrorists |
Demonizing the bogeymen.
"Donald Rumsfeld
claims that the resistance is just a few 'thugs, gangs and terrorists'.
This is dangerous wishful thinking. The war against the occupation
is now being fought out in the open, by regular people defending
their homes and neighbourhoods -- an Iraqi intifada."
--Naomi Klein, "An Iraqi intifada", The Guardian,
April 12, 2004.
|
Trafficability
problem |
The Iraqis travel to other
cities in Iraq.
Term used by a CNN military
analyst to refer to the possibility that Iraqi resistance fighters
may join the pilgrimages to travel to other "flashpoints".
"With the pilgrimages
we have a trafficability problem."
-- Kelly McCann, Military Annalyst, CNN, April 11, 2004.
|
UN |
Occupation with blue window dressing.. |
Unshakable resolve |
Weaponized
obtuseness |
Vietnam |
Yes, quagmire.
"[President Bush] dismissed
as 'false' comparisons between the fighting in Iraq and the bloody
Vietnam War which embroiled the US three decades ago. 'I also
happen to think that analogy sends the wrong message to our troops
and sends a wrong message to the enemy,' he added."
--BBC Online, April 14, 2004
It is not an issue of "message",
it is an issue of evaluating what this war was about, and what
the American occupation of Iraq is trying to accomplish. Resistance
to the creation of an American-subservient regime implies that
the analogy with Vietnam is useful.
The comparison with Vietnam
has more to do with references to quagmire but little else. However,
there are many differences, and a striking one dealt with the
logic of continuing both wars. In the case of Vietnam, there
was an ongoing ideological and realpolitik logic to the pursuit
of victory. What is different about Iraq, and the American public
in particular, is the lack of resentment/reaction once the paper
thin justifications for war were debunked.
|
Volunteer army |
Professional
army |
Some "forbidden"
propaganda topics
The list of media neglected
topics is long. There are innocent sounding items like the temperature
in Iraq that are suddenly "suspended" during the summer.
Knowing that US troops work in conditions that seriously endanger
their health and safety are similarly being suppressed. What
happens to the Iraqi population in similar conditions is rarely
mentioned. The parallel to Vietnam is worth noting; while there
was some mention of the effects of Agent Orange on American military,
there were an insignificant number of reports on the effects
on the local population. In Iraq, the same media-reporting syndrome
is prevalent.
Media Neglected topics: |
Explanation |
Gulf War syndrome |
Recently it was found that some soldiers already
have been afflicted with Gulf War Syndrome. This syndrome killed
more soldiers after the 1991 war than during the hot war.
Will this happen again? |
Iraqi prisoners or "detainees" |
No lists are kept or made available to family
members of prisoners -- they don't know if the person is a prisoner
or has "disappeared". The same thing happened
during Hussein's era. Source: May-Ying Welsh, FlashPoints.net,
April 13, 2004. |
Iraqi casualties |
This is certainly a revealing gem:
"As the casualties
mount in the besieged Iraqi city of Fallujah, Qatar-based Al
Jazeera has been one of the only news networks broadcasting from
the inside, relaying images of destruction and civilian victims
-- including women and children. But when CNN anchor Daryn Kagan
interviewed the network's editor-in-chief, Ahmed Al-Sheik, on
Monday -- a rare opportunity to get independent information about
events in Fallujah -- she used the occasion to badger Al-Sheik
about whether the civilian deaths were really 'the story' in
Fallujah."
--FAIR, April 14, 2004.
|
Depleted Uranium -- affecting Iraqis. |
There has been some mention of DU effects on
US soldiers, but no in-depth investigation of the effects on
Iraqis. |
Nature of diseases afflicting Iraqis |
Iraqi doctors are dealing with an epidemic of
water borne diseases, and have trouble coping with this. |
The school curriculum |
Old textbooks are out, or at least the photo
of Hussein removed. Several odd groups are supplying books of
unknown provenance or with a dubious message. |
Temperature in summer |
Last year the summertime temperatures in Baghdad
were censored in the US Free Press. Are temperatures in excess
of 50C somehow provocative? |
Torture |
Some Iraqis have been killed while in US custody, and their
bodies showed signs of torture. So, has the US hired former regime
torturers or are they employing their own? |
Remuneration of soldiers and pensions |
Scant attention is given to the remuneration
of soldiers and their spouses. Some of the spouses of the soldiers
survive on food stamps! The pension or compensation paid to the
survivors is pitiful. |
Electricity or water supplies |
There are no statistics on the capacity availability
of the electrical or water supply systems. |
Oil production |
How many millions of barrels are being pumped,
and what is happening to the proceeds? Who is auditing this? |
Assassination of intellectuals |
There is a spate of assassinations or kidnappings
of well-known intellectuals. The warnings/threats against such
people appear in the US-funded newspaper. What is behind this? |
Cost |
Last year estimates for the cost of the occupation
ran at US$4bn/month. Given that there is active resistance, what
is the cost now? |
The Israelization of US military tactics |
Israelis boast that the US is applying its tactics
in Iraq. Given that several of these practices amount to war
crimes, then what are the implications for the US? Is the US
implementing "targeted
assassinations", torture,
house demolitions? And why not employ the real thing -- getting
Israelis to fight this war? |
Increasing oil prices. |
While the war was also meant to safeguard oil
reserves, why has the price of oil risen? |
The mercenary industry |
Elite soldiers around the world are abandoning
their units and joining the mercenary operators in Iraq. The
British note that it costs US$3m to train one of its elite troops
(SAS), and they are upset that they have been recruited by the
merc-companies. On average, soldiers working as mercenaries earn
more than 20X their standard army wages (tax free). So, are the
national armies going to be replaced by the corporate mercenary
armies? |
The Graveyard of Justifications
The list of justifications
for the war and the subsequent occupation keeps expanding. Every
time a justification is demolished, another one is produced.
Here is a brief list of justifications that have been demolished,
and a few that are rarely discussed.
Justification |
What happened to it? |
WMD |
Safely disposed of. |
Terror |
Bogus from the beginning. If anything, US actions
are causing terrorism. |
Freedom |
"Two nights
ago, this most dangerous man, George Bush, talked about 'freedom
in Iraq'. Not 'democracy' in Iraq. No, 'democracy' was no longer
mentioned. 'Democracy' was simply left out of the equation. Now
it was just 'freedom' -- freedom from Saddam rather than freedom
to have elections. And what is this 'freedom' supposed to involve?
One group of American-appointed Iraqis will cede power to another
group of American-appointed Iraqis. That will be the 'historic
handover' of Iraqi 'sovereignty'. Yes, I can well see why George
Bush wants to witness a 'handover' of sovereignty. 'Our boys'
must be out of the firing line -- let the Iraqis be the sandbags."
--Robert Fisk, "By
endorsing Ariel Sharon's plan George Bush has legitimised terrorism", The Independent, April
16, 2004.
|
Democracy |
See "freedom". |
Stability |
US actions are provoking the opposite |
Liberation |
Only liberating the oil production. The occupation
clearly indicates that Iraqis will be under an American yoke
for some time. |
Support
our troops |
We don't hear this one anymore. This was a pretext
to get those opposed to the war to shut up during the war. |
Religious
tolerance |
"We are locked
in an historic struggle in Iraq. Were we to fail, which we will
not, it is more than the --power of America' that would be defeated.
The hope of freedom and religious tolerance would be snuffed
out."
--Tony Blair, The Observer, April 11, 2004.
This statement was uttered the same week the Americans sought
to "kill or capture" the cleric M. Sadr.
|
The Iraqis
wanted the Americans to intervene |
There are an increasing number of polls trying
to prove that Iraqis were in favor of the war or are doing "better" now (even without electricity).
The value of these polls is dubious, and even so, it is clear
that Iraqis want the Americans to leave. |
Oil |
Although this motivation reigns supreme, it
is curious why the Free Press barely manages to question the
Bush regime about this. And why would the US have to conquer
Iraq to be able to buy oil? |
counterpunch.org/rooij04232004.html
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